[Pply] 1,5 siementä?

[Heli Suurkuukka]

Yhdestä aiheeseen liittyvästä tutkimuksesta uutisoitiin aika laajasti
viime kesänä näin:
http://yle.fi/uutiset/tutkimus_hyonteismyrkyilla_yhteys_lintujen_vahenemiseen/7348139

Aiheeseen myös kiinteästi liityvästä hyönteiskadosta pääee nopeimmin
kartalle wikipedian kautta:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colony_collapse_disorder#Pesticides

Terkuin,
Hel Suurkuukka


2015-02-11 11:02 UTC+02.00, Ari-Pekka Auvinen <aripekka00 at hotmail.com>:
>
>
>
> Moi
>
> Tulipa vastaan hämmentävän kuuloinen juttu, jonka suhteen en kyllä ole
> mikään asiantuntija. Alle kopioimassani EU-komission uutiskirjeessä (Science
> for Environment Policy, Issue 402) viitataan review-tutkimukseen, jonka
> mukaan varpusen hengenlähtöön riittäisi puolitoista neonikotinoideihin
> kuuluvalla imidaclopridilla käsiteltyä punajuurensiementä?!
>
> A-P
>
>
>
> Neonicotinoid and fipronil insecticides harm birds and
> fish and reduce their food supply
>
>
>
>
>
>
> Neonicotinoid
> and fipronil insecticides have a range of impacts on birds, mammals and
> fish, a
> new review of scientific literature has found. A house sparrow would need to
> eat just one and a half beet seeds treated with a common neonicotinoid to
> receive a lethal dose, for instance. The insecticides may also have equally
> important effects on vertebrate wildlife, such as reducing insect prey and
> hence food supply.
>
>
>
>
>
> Neonicotinoids
> and fipronil are important insecticides, designed to affect a broad range of
> insect pests by disrupting the functioning of the central nervous system.
> Both
> are systemic chemicals, absorbed by plants, commonly after seed treatment or
> soil application.
>
>
>
>
>
> However, laboratory
> research has found that they can also have direct toxic effects on
> non-target
> species, such as birds and mammals, resulting in reduced growth and
> reproduction, or even death. They can also have indirect effects on these
> animals in the wild, for example, by reducing the amount of insect prey
> available, which in turn may affect their growth, breeding success and
> survival.
>
>
>
>
>
> The
> researchers reviewed 150 studies on the direct and indirect effects of
> fipronil
> and the neonicotinoids imidacloprid and clothianidin, on vertebrate species,
> i.e. mammals, birds, fish, amphibians and reptiles.
>
>
>
>
>
> The
> researchers classified the effects of the insecticides on different
> vertebrates
> using the US
> Environmental Protection Agency's ecotoxicity classification system. All
> three insecticides were directly toxic to vertebrates, the results showed.
> Imidacloprid, for example, was moderately to highly toxic to many birds.
> Clothianidin was moderately to practically non-toxic to rats, mice and birds
> and practically non-toxic to fish. Fipronil was highly toxic to game birds
> and
> fish.
>
>
>
>
> Furthermore,
> all three insecticides had sub-lethal effects, impairing growth, development
> and reproduction of mammals, birds, fish and amphibians. Other sub-lethal
> impacts found included damage to genetic material and cells and abnormal
> behaviour.
>
>
>
>
>
> Some
> species of bird may be particularly at risk from eating seeds treated with
> imidacloprid or clothianidin. One study revealed that grey partridges
> (Perdix perdix) would
> only need to eat six beet seeds coated with 0.9 mg of imidacloprid to die.
> House sparrows (Passer
> domesticus) would only have to eat one and a half seeds. Moreover,
> house sparrows would experience sub-lethal effects after eating only a
> quarter
> of a treated seed.
>
>
> Levels of
> imidacloprid and clothianidin likely to be found in freshwater are not high
> enough to kill fish and amphibians, the researchers found. However,
> sub-lethal
> effects could still occur, including damage to DNA and the immune system.
>
>
>
>
>
> A small
> number of studies reviewed also show the indirect effects of imidacloprid or
> fipronil on mammals, birds, fish and reptiles. For example, in one study,
> fipronil
> and imidacloprid affected the growth and development of the fish medaka
> (Oryzias latipes) in rice
> fields, most likely by reducing populations of insects that the fish feed
> on.
>
>
>
>
>
> In another
> study, fipronil used to kill locusts in Madagascar also killed harvester
> termites, a non-target species. This significantly reduced prey for lizards
> and
> led to their population decline. The authors of this study call for there to
> be
> greater consideration of systemic insecticides' effects on birds, mammals
> and
> fish.
>
>
>
> Source: Gibbons, D., Morrissey, C. & Mineau, P. (2014). A review
> of the direct and indirect effects of neonicotinoids and fipronil on
> vertebrate
> wildlife. Environmental
> Science and Pollution Research. DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-3180-5.
> This study is free to view at:
> http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs11356-014-3180-5
>
>
> Contact:
> david.gibbons at rspb.org.uk
>
>
> Read
> more about: Agriculture,
> Biodiversity,
> Chemicals
>
>
>  		 	   		


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